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Read one verse of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam with its Sanskrit, word meanings, translation and study points.

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Canto 10 · The Summum Bonum · 90 chapters

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How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Chant the verse. Say the Sanskrit slowly and carefully.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each Sanskrit word and its meaning.
  3. 3Find the meaning yourself. Before the translation, piece the meaning together from the words.
  4. 4Read the translation. Ask: what is the Lord teaching here, and how does it apply to my life?
  5. 5Read the purport slowly. Read it two or three times. Don't rush.
  6. 6Write down what touched you. Note the main points in your own notebook.
Read the full guide: how to hear the Bhāgavatam ›

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam · Text 10.16.19

Who is speaking and story frame

अन्तर्ह्रदे भुजगभोगपरीतमारात्

कृष्णं निरीहमुपलभ्य जलाशयान्ते ।

गोपांश्च मूढधिषणान् परित: पशूंश्च

सङ्क्रन्दत: परमकश्मलमापुरार्ता: ॥ १९ ॥

antar hrade bhujaga-bhoga-parītam ārāt

kṛṣṇaṁ nirīham upalabhya jalāśayānte

gopāṁś ca mūḍha-dhiṣaṇān paritaḥ paśūṁś ca

saṅkrandataḥ parama-kaśmalam āpur ārtāḥ

Translation

As they hurried along the path to the bank of the Yamunā River, they saw from a distance that Kṛṣṇa was in the lake, motionless within the coils of the black serpent. They further saw that the cowherd boys had fallen unconscious and that the animals were standing on all sides, crying out for Kṛṣṇa. Seeing all this, the residents of Vṛndāvana were overwhelmed with anguish and confusion.

Read the purport on Vedabase.io

From Canto 10, chapter 14 onward, the translation and purports were completed by Śrīla Prabhupāda's disciples after his departure, and published by the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

1

Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Love Amid Anguish and Confusion

  1. 1

    The residents saw Kṛṣṇa motionless within the serpent’s coils, the cowherd boys unconscious and the animals crying out for Him.

  2. 2

    They could not tell whether Kāliya had dragged Kṛṣṇa into the water or Kṛṣṇa had jumped in Himself. The unconscious cowherd boys could not explain what had happened.

  3. 3

    The crying cows and calves added to the overwhelming scene. The residents were filled with grief, shock and panic.

Key points from the purport
  • In their grief and panic, the residents of Vṛndāvana tried to find out whether Kāliya had forcibly dragged young Kṛṣṇa from the shore into the water, or whether Kṛṣṇa had Himself jumped from the shore and fallen into the clutches of the snake.
  • They could not understand anything about the situation, and Kṛṣṇa’s cowherd boyfriends, being unconscious, were unable to tell them anything.
  • The cows and calves were crying out for Kṛṣṇa, and thus the whole situation was overwhelming and created a state of shock and panic among the residents of Vṛndāvana.

The purport's own sentences, chosen from the purport as its central points. Read the full purport on Vedabase to see them in place.

How it feels

Peril and pride → Friendship and humility. Divinity is revealed amid intimate childhood play.

Chapters 12–19 of Canto 10: Childhood dangers and Brahmā's amazement. An editorial reading of the story's mood, not the text itself. See the emotional arc

Further reading

Chapter 16: Kṛṣṇa Chastises the Serpent Kāliya

From the chapter summary, the lines nearest this verse:

Within the water of the lake adjoining the river they saw Lord Kṛṣṇa, the very essence of their lives, enwrapped in the coils of a black snake. The residents thought the three worlds had become empty, and they all prepared to enter the water.
Read the whole chapter summaryBack to this verse in chapter 10.16
2

Word for word

Learn the Sanskrit words of the verse.

  1. antaḥwithin
  2. hradethe lake
  3. bhujagaof the serpent
  4. bhogawithin the body
  5. parītamenveloped
  6. ārātfrom a distance
  7. kṛṣṇamLord Kṛṣṇa
  8. nirīhamnot moving
3

Key ideas in this verse

The subject this verse serves and the themes it speaks of.

  • Īśānukathā · The science of God

    Who is the Lord, and how do His devotees live? · Subject 7 of 10

  • Sakhya · Sacred friendship

    The affection of companions and friends of the Lord. · Theme in SB 10.16

    In this verse: “cowherd boys”

  • Viraha · Longing in separation

    Love and remembrance experienced in apparent absence. · Theme in SB 10.16

    In this verse: “crying”

Chapter themes come from the story phase this chapter belongs to.

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

How does their inability to understand what happened deepen your appreciation of their distress?

Practice

Reread the verse carefully, distinguishing what the residents saw from what they could not understand.

5

The story around it

The story this chapter belongs to.

Live this todayLove Amid Anguish and ConfusionThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask the BhāgavatamHave a question about SB 10.16.19? Get an answer from the verses themselves.