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Chapter 14 · The Three Modes of Material Nature · 27 verses

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How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Remember who is speaking. Kṛṣṇa is speaking. Take the verse as He directs.
  2. 2Say the verse and its words. Read the Sanskrit, then each word with its meaning.
  3. 3Read the translation as it is. Let the translation say what it says, without adding your own meaning.
  4. 4Read the purport. Hear the verse through the disciplic succession.
  5. 5Bring your own question. Ask: where does this verse meet my life, my trouble, my doubt?
  6. 6Act on it, remembering Kṛṣṇa. Carry one instruction into your work today.
Read the full guide: how to read the Bhagavad-gītā ›
Nature & guṇasChapter 14 · The Three Modes of Material Nature

Bhagavad-gītā As It Is · Text 14.15

How goodness, passion and ignorance bind

Kāla · Time

रजसि प्रलयं गत्वा कर्मसङ्गिषु जायते ।

तथा प्रलीनस्तमसि मूढयोनिषु जायते ॥ १५ ॥

rajasi pralayaṁ gatvā

karma-saṅgiṣu jāyate

tathā pralīnas tamasi

mūḍha-yoniṣu jāyate

Translation

When one dies in the mode of passion, he takes birth among those engaged in fruitive activities; and when one dies in the mode of ignorance, he takes birth in the animal kingdom.

Read Śrīla Prabhupāda's purport on Vedabase.io
1

Understand it

What this verse is saying, and where it sits in the story.

3 study points

The Aim of Human Life

  1. 1

    Death in passion leads to birth among those working for rewards; death in ignorance leads to animal life.

  2. 2

    Prabhupāda explains that human birth is not guaranteed again. From animal life, one must gradually rise back to human life.

  3. 3

    Take to goodness and good association, then rise beyond the modes to Kṛṣṇa consciousness—the aim of human life.

Key points from the purport

These notes cover verses 14.14–15

Death in different modes

a

Death in mode of goodness (14.14)

“Amalan” – indicates free from mode of passion and ignorance

Mode of goodness – Purest form of existence in material world

b

Death in mode of passion and ignorance (14.15)

Establishes that after human life that soul can also go down to lower existence

This refutes that one can never go down from human life

Aim of human life

Take to mode of goodness

Take to good association

Gradually transcend all the three modes and situate yourself in Krishna consciousness

Further reading

Acting And Dying Within The Modes

Both, the results of one’s action and the results after one’s death, are predominated by a specific mode of nature and thus bring about certain results

Chapter 14, section IV: Acting And Dying Within The Modes
2

Word for word

Learn the Sanskrit words of the verse.

  1. rajasiin passion
  2. pralayamdissolution
  3. gatvāattaining
  4. karma-saṅgiṣuin the association of those engaged in fruitive activities
  5. jāyatetakes birth
  6. tathāsimilarly
  7. pralīnaḥbeing dissolved
  8. tamasiin ignorance
  9. mūḍha-yoniṣuin animal species
  10. jāyatetakes birth
3

Key ideas in this verse

The spiritual concepts this verse connects to.

Key ideas: prakṛti, guṇa.

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

What does BG 14.15 establish in Śrīla Prabhupāda's translation and purport, and how does it connect to nature & guṇas?

Practice

Observe which mode shaped your last decision.

5

Related verses

Keep going: verses that carry this teaching further.

Live this todaySpiritual Happiness Even NowA practice from BG 14.20, close to this verse

Study notes are editorial summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport.