15
15Puruṣottama-yoga · 20 verses · 8 stories
The Yoga of the Supreme Person
Knowing the Supreme Person and surrendering to Him through devotional service.
What this chapter teaches · the five truths
How this chapter follows chapter 14
At the end of Chapter 14, Krishna described that one transcends the modes through devotional service
But to attain devotion to Him one needs detachment from the material world
Krishna begins Chapter 15 by explaining the need for detachment with a metaphor that compares the material world to an ‘Asvattha’ (a banyan tree)
Then Krishna describes Purushottama Yoga in Texts 15.6 – 15.20
Compact: each verse's title and first two lines. Tap Study to open a verse.
Section I · Verses 15.1–5
Becoming Detached From The Material World
One should detach himself from the material world
Material world is a reflection of spiritual world
One should surrender to Krishna and attain spiritual world
- BG 15.1Study
The Upside-Down Banyan Tree
The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: It is said that there is an imperishable banyan tree that has its roots upward and its branches down and whose leaves are the Vedic hymns. One who knows this tree is the knower of the Vedas.
- BG 15.2Study
The Tree of Material Life
The branches of this tree extend downward and upward, nourished by the three modes of material nature. The twigs are the objects of the senses. This tree also has roots going down, and these are bound to the fruitive actions of human society.
- BG 15.3Study
Detachment and Surrender
The real form of this tree cannot be perceived in this world. No one can understand where it ends, where it begins, or where its foundation is. But with determination one must cut down this strongly rooted tree with the weapon of detachment. Thereafter, one must seek that place from which, having gone, one never returns, and there surrender to that Supreme Personality of Godhead from whom everything began and from whom everything has extended since time immemorial.
- BG 15.4Study
Surrender to the Supreme
The real form of this tree cannot be perceived in this world. No one can understand where it ends, where it begins, or where its foundation is. But with determination one must cut down this strongly rooted tree with the weapon of detachment. Thereafter, one must seek that place from which, having gone, one never returns, and there surrender to that Supreme Personality of Godhead from whom everything began and from whom everything has extended since time immemorial.
- BG 15.5Study
Freedom from Pride and Surrender
Those who are free from false prestige, illusion and false association, who understand the eternal, who are done with material lust, who are freed from the dualities of happiness and distress, and who, unbewildered, know how to surrender unto the Supreme Person attain to that eternal kingdom.
Section II · Verses 15.6–11
Transmigration
Goal should be to leave material world and return to spiritual world
All living entities are eternally part and parcel of Krishna, yet they struggle from body to body in search of pleasure
Transcendentalists can see this clearly, but the blind materialists cannot see this
- BG 15.6Study
Kṛṣṇa’s Eternal Abode
That supreme abode of Mine is not illumined by the sun or moon, nor by fire or electricity. Those who reach it never return to this material world.
- BG 15.7Study
Eternal Parts of the Lord
The living entities in this conditioned world are My eternal fragmental parts. Due to conditioned life, they are struggling very hard with the six senses, which include the mind.
- BG 15.8Study
Consciousness Shapes the Next Life
The living entity in the material world carries his different conceptions of life from one body to another, as the air carries aromas. Thus he takes one kind of body and again quits it to take another.
- BG 15.9Study
Consciousness Shapes the Next Body
The living entity, thus taking another gross body, obtains a certain type of ear, eye, tongue, nose and sense of touch, which are grouped about the mind. He thus enjoys a particular set of sense objects.
- BG 15.10Study
Seeing Through Spiritual Knowledge
The foolish cannot understand how a living entity can quit his body, nor can they understand what sort of body he enjoys under the spell of the modes of nature. But one whose eyes are trained in knowledge can see all this.
- BG 15.11Study
Seeing Through Self-Realization
The endeavoring transcendentalists who are situated in self-realization can see all this clearly. But those whose minds are not developed and who are not situated in self-realization cannot see what is taking place, though they may try.
Section III · Verses 15.12–15
Krishna’s Position As Our Maintainer
We should be attracted to Krishna by knowing His position as –
Our maintainer on both the cosmic and personal levels
Compiler of Vedanta and knower of the Vedas
- BG 15.12Study
Light Comes from Kṛṣṇa
The splendor of the sun, which dissipates the darkness of this whole world, comes from Me. And the splendor of the moon and the splendor of fire are also from Me.
- BG 15.13Study
The Lord Sustains Everything
I enter into each planet, and by My energy they stay in orbit. I become the moon and thereby supply the juice of life to all vegetables.
- BG 15.14Study
The Lord Helps Us Digest
I am the fire of digestion in the bodies of all living entities, and I join with the air of life, outgoing and incoming, to digest the four kinds of foodstuff.
- BG 15.15Study
Kṛṣṇa in Everyone’s Heart
I am seated in everyone’s heart, and from Me come remembrance, knowledge and forgetfulness. By all the Vedas, I am to be known. Indeed, I am the compiler of Vedānta, and I am the knower of the Vedas.
- BG 15.16Study
Two Classes of Beings
There are two classes of beings, the fallible and the infallible. In the material world every living entity is fallible, and in the spiritual world every living entity is called infallible.
- BG 15.17Study
The Supreme Soul Maintains All
Besides these two, there is the greatest living personality, the Supreme Soul, the imperishable Lord Himself, who has entered the three worlds and is maintaining them.
- BG 15.18Study
Kṛṣṇa Is the Supreme Person
Because I am transcendental, beyond both the fallible and the infallible, and because I am the greatest, I am celebrated both in the world and in the Vedas as that Supreme Person.
Section V · Verses 15.19–20
Knowing Krishna Means Knowing Everything
One knowing Krishna’s position knows everything, and he engages in Krishna’s service
Knowing this most confidential part of Vedic scriptures makes one wise and brings perfection to his endeavors
- BG 15.19Study
Knowing and Serving Kṛṣṇa
Whoever knows Me as the Supreme Personality of Godhead, without doubting, is the knower of everything. He therefore engages himself in full devotional service to Me, O son of Bharata.
- BG 15.20Study
Wisdom Through Devotional Service
This is the most confidential part of the Vedic scriptures, O sinless one, and it is disclosed now by Me. Whoever understands this will become wise, and his endeavors will know perfection.