Canto 10: The Summum Bonum
SB10.31

Canto 10 · Chapter 31 · 19 verses · 1 story

The Gopīs’ Songs of Separation

The gopīs sing Kṛṣṇa’s glories and pray to see Him again.

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From Canto 10, chapter 14 onward, the translation and purports were completed by Śrīla Prabhupāda's disciples after his departure, and published by the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

Connected storiesKāliya
Who is speakingSūta Gosvāmī → the sages at NaimiṣāraṇyaŚukadeva Gosvāmī → King ParīkṣitEvery voice in this chapter ›

What this chapter speaks about · the ten subjects

Chapter summary

This chapter relates how the gopīs, overwhelmed by feelings of separation from Kṛṣṇa, sat down on the bank of the Yamunā and began praying for His audience and singing His glories.

Because the gopīs had dedicated their minds and very lives to Kṛṣṇa, they were beside themselves with the transcendental pain of separation. But their crying, which appears like evidence of misery, actually shows their exalted state of transcendental bliss. As it is said, yata dekha vaiṣṇaver vyavahāra duḥkha/ niścaya jāniha sei paramānanda sukha: “Whenever one sees a Vaiṣṇava acting unhappy, one should know it for sure that he is actually experiencing the highest spiritual bliss.” Thus each of the gopīs began addressing Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa according to her individual mode of ecstasy, and they all prayed for Him for His mercy.

As the pastimes of Kṛṣṇa spontaneously arose in the minds of the gopīs, they sang their song, which relieves the agony of those suffering from the burning pain of separation from Kṛṣṇa and which bestows supreme auspiciousness. They sang, “O Lord, O lover, O cheater, when we remember Your smile, Your loving glances and Your pastimes with Your boyhood friends, we become extremely agitated. Remembering Your lotus face, adorned with locks of blackish hair smeared with the dust of the cows, we become irrevocably attached to You. And when we remember how You followed the cows from forest to forest with Your tender feet, we feel great pain.”

In their separation from Kṛṣṇa the gopīs considered a single moment an entire age. Even when they had previously seen Him they had found the blinking of their eyelids intolerable, for it blocked their vision of Him for a fraction of a second.

The ecstatic sentiments for Lord Kṛṣṇa that the gopīs expressed may appear like symptoms of lust, but in reality they are manifestations of their pure desire to satisfy the Supreme Lord’s spiritual senses. There is not even the slightest trace of lust in these moods of the gopīs.

In this chapter

Who · Kṛṣṇa, the gopīs, Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī

The story · On an autumn night, Kṛṣṇa played His flute, and the gopīs hurried to meet Him, their hearts fully drawn to Him. After speaking with them and beginning the rāsa dance, He disappeared, leaving them searching the forests and following His footprints. They remembered and imitated His pastimes, then sat by the Yamunā and sang prayers for His return. Kṛṣṇa appeared again, accepted their loving service, and consoled them. Expanding into numerous forms, He danced beside each gopī and lovingly relieved their fatigue.

What it teaches · These pastimes take place through Kṛṣṇa’s internal potency, and the gopīs are wholly dedicated to His service. The Supreme Lord is not subject to the material piety and impiety that govern conditioned beings.

Beyond this chapter

Connected stories across the Bhāgavatam

Stories told in other chapters that this chapter's verses or Śrīla Prabhupāda's purports bring in, the other Bhāgavatam verses the purports quote, and stories in other cantos with the same themes. Each link shows the sentence it comes from.

What it teaches · The Lord’s punishment can be mercy, removing a sinful person’s contamination. His devotees take shelter of Him in danger.

Since You once put those feet on the hoods of the great serpent Kāliya, please place them upon our breasts and tear away the lust in our hearts.

He has offered His lotus feet to the goddess of fortune and has placed them upon the hoods of the serpent Kāliya.

Śrīla Prabhupāda's purport · SB 10.31.7 (Text 7)
Read the story in SB 10.15–17

Same themes in another canto

Both chapters carry these themes strongly in the themes map, an editorial reading of each chapter's story.