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Study a Verse

Read one verse of Śrī Caitanya Caritamrta with its Bengali, transliteration, word meanings, translation and study points.

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Ādi-līlā · 17 chapters

How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Say the verse. Read the transliteration aloud, slowly.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each word and its meaning.
  3. 3Read the translation. Ask: what is happening here, and who is it about?
  4. 4Read the purport slowly. Read it twice. Don't rush.
  5. 5See Lord Caitanya as Kṛṣṇa. Remember who is acting in the pastime.
  6. 6Take one thing into your day. Note one point and one practice.
Read the full guide: how to read Caitanya Caritamrta ›

Śrī Caitanya Caritamrta · Text Ādi 4.31

ধর্ম ছাড়ি’ রাগে দুহেঁ করয়ে মিলন ।

কভু মিলে, কভু না মিলে,—দৈবের ঘটন ॥ ৩১ ॥

dharma chāḍi’ rāge duṅhe karaye milana

kabhu mile, kabhu nā mile, — daivera ghaṭana

Translation

“Pure attachment will unite us even at the expense of moral and religious duties [dharma]. Destiny will sometimes bring us together and sometimes separate us.

Read Śrīla Prabhupāda's purport on Vedabase.io
1

Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Pure Attachment Draws the Gopīs to Kṛṣṇa

  1. 1

    Pure attachment unites Kṛṣṇa and the gopīs even at the expense of moral and religious duties. Destiny sometimes brings them together and sometimes separates them.

  2. 2

    Hearing Kṛṣṇa’s flute, the gopīs left to meet Him in the dead of night. Its sweetness made them forget their relationships with their kinsmen.

  3. 3

    Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī describes Govinda standing by the Yamunā with His flute in the moonlight. His warning to those seeking material enjoyment points to Govinda’s power to draw their hearts away from it.

Key points from the purport
  • The gopīs came out to meet Kṛṣṇa in the dead of night when they heard the sound of His flute.
  • Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has accordingly composed a nice verse (see Ādi 5.224) that describes the beautiful boy called Govinda standing by the bank of the Yamunā with His flute to His lips in the shining moonlight.
  • Those who want to enjoy life in the materialistic way of society, friendship and love should not go to the Yamunā to see the form of Govinda.

Śrīla Prabhupāda's own sentences, chosen from the purport as its central points. Read the full purport on Vedabase to see them in place.

How it feels

Profound longing. Kṛṣṇa desires to taste Rādhā’s love, His own sweetness as She sees it, and Her joy.

The mood of Ādi 4 as a whole, an editorial reading, not the text itself. See the emotional atlas

Further reading

Ādi 4: The Confidential Reasons for the Appearance of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu

From Śrīla Prabhupāda's chapter summary, the lines nearest this verse:

Lord Kṛṣṇa is the reservoir of transcendental loving transactions with Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī. The subject of those loving transactions is the Lord Himself, and Rādhārāṇī is the object.
Read the whole chapter summaryBack to this verse in Ādi 4
2

Word for word

Learn the words of the verse.

  1. dharma chāḍi’giving up religious customs
  2. rāgein love
  3. duṅheboth
  4. karayedo
  5. milanameeting
  6. kabhusometimes
  7. milethey meet
  8. kabhusometimes
3

Key ideas in this verse

The themes of love and mercy this verse speaks of.

  • Vraja-smaraṇa · Remembrance of Vṛndāvana

    The remembered sweetness of Vraja that colors Mahāprabhu’s pilgrimage, Ratha-yātrā, and later states of separation. · In the Prema Atlas

    In this verse: “gopīs”, “yamunā”

  • Kīrtana community · A movement of shared hearts

    Devotional community as a living network of branches, service, festivals, care, and collective chanting. · In the Prema Atlas

    In this verse: “together”

  • Bhāva & rasa · The language of sacred feeling

    Transcendental devotional moods and relationships, discussed explicitly in Rāmānanda’s dialogue and the teachings on prema. · In the Prema Atlas

    In this verse: “relationships”

Concept links are an editorial study map; only the verse is the text itself.

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

What does the gopīs’ response to the flute reveal about their attachment to Kṛṣṇa?

Practice

Spend a quiet minute reflecting on the sweetness of Govinda’s flute as described here.

Live this todayPure Attachment Draws the Gopīs to KṛṣṇaThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask Caitanya CaritamrtaHave a question about CC Ādi 4.31? Get an answer from the verses themselves.