1 · Learn4 of 6 · 5 min

Study a Verse

Read one verse of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam with its Sanskrit, word meanings, translation and study points.

Or browse by canto and chapter
Canto

Canto 9 · Liberation · 24 chapters

Choose a chapter to see all its verses.

How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Chant the verse. Say the Sanskrit slowly and carefully.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each Sanskrit word and its meaning.
  3. 3Find the meaning yourself. Before the translation, piece the meaning together from the words.
  4. 4Read the translation. Ask: what is the Lord teaching here, and how does it apply to my life?
  5. 5Read the purport slowly. Read it two or three times. Don't rush.
  6. 6Write down what touched you. Note the main points in your own notebook.
Read the full guide: how to hear the Bhāgavatam ›

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam · Texts 9.21.19-20

Who is speaking and story frame

गर्गाच्छिनिस्ततो गार्ग्य: क्षत्राद् ब्रह्म ह्यवर्तत ।

दुरितक्षयो महावीर्यात् तस्य त्रय्यारुणि: कवि: ॥ १९ ॥

पुष्करारुणिरित्यत्र ये ब्राह्मणगतिं गता: ।

बृहत्क्षत्रस्य पुत्रोऽभूद्धस्ती यद्धस्तिनापुरम् ॥ २० ॥

gargāc chinis tato gārgyaḥ

kṣatrād brahma hy avartata

duritakṣayo mahāvīryāt

tasya trayyāruṇiḥ kaviḥ

puṣkarāruṇir ity atra

ye brāhmaṇa-gatiṁ gatāḥ

bṛhatkṣatrasya putro ’bhūd

dhastī yad-dhastināpuram

Translation

From Garga came a son named Śini, and his son was Gārgya. Although Gārgya was a kṣatriya, there came from him a generation of brahmaṇas. From Mahāvīrya came a son named Duritakṣaya, whose sons were Trayyāruṇi, Kavi and Puṣkarāruṇi. Although these sons of Duritakṣaya took birth in a dynasty of kṣatriyas, they too attained the position of brāhmaṇas. Bṛhatkṣatra had a son named Hastī, who established the city of Hastināpura [now New Delhi].

Read this verse on Vedabase.io

This verse has no purport; its meaning is explained by the verses around it.

1

Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Brāhmaṇas Arise Within Kṣatriya Dynasties

  1. 1

    Garga’s son was Śini, whose son was Gārgya. Although Gārgya was a kṣatriya, a generation of brāhmaṇas came from him.

  2. 2

    Mahāvīrya’s son was Duritakṣaya, whose sons were Trayyāruṇi, Kavi and Puṣkarāruṇi. Although born in a kṣatriya dynasty, these sons attained the position of brāhmaṇas.

  3. 3

    Bṛhatkṣatra’s son Hastī established the city of Hastināpura.

How it feels

Historical movement → Anticipation. The narrative narrows toward its divine center.

Chapters 20–24 of Canto 9: Lineages leading to the appearance of Kṛṣṇa. An editorial reading of the story's mood, not the text itself. See the emotional arc

Further reading

Chapter 21: The Dynasty of Bharata

From the chapter summary, the lines nearest this verse:

The son of Mahāvīrya was Duritakṣaya, whose sons were Trayyāruṇi, Kavi and Puṣkarāruṇi. Although these three sons were born of a kṣatriya king, they also achieved the position of brāhmaṇas.
Read the whole chapter summaryBack to this verse in chapter 9.21
2

Word for word

Learn the Sanskrit words of the verse.

  1. gargātfrom Garga (another grandson of Bharadvāja)
  2. śiniḥa son named Śini
  3. tataḥfrom him (Śini)
  4. gārgyaḥa son named Gārgya
  5. kṣatrātalthough he was a kṣatriya
  6. brahmathe brāhmaṇas
  7. hiindeed
  8. avartatabecame possible
3

Key ideas in this verse

The subject this verse serves and the themes it speaks of.

  • Visarga · Subcreation

    How do living beings and their worlds appear? · Subject 2 of 10

Chapter themes come from the story phase this chapter belongs to.

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

What assumptions about family background are challenged by these descendants becoming brāhmaṇas?

Practice

Write down the names of Duritakṣaya’s three sons and the position they attained.

5

The story around it

The story this chapter belongs to.

Live this todayBrāhmaṇas Arise Within Kṣatriya DynastiesThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask the BhāgavatamHave a question about SB 9.21.19-20? Get an answer from the verses themselves.