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Read one verse of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam with its Sanskrit, word meanings, translation and study points.

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Canto 12 · The Age of Deterioration · 13 chapters

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How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Chant the verse. Say the Sanskrit slowly and carefully.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each Sanskrit word and its meaning.
  3. 3Find the meaning yourself. Before the translation, piece the meaning together from the words.
  4. 4Read the translation. Ask: what is the Lord teaching here, and how does it apply to my life?
  5. 5Read the purport slowly. Read it two or three times. Don't rush.
  6. 6Write down what touched you. Note the main points in your own notebook.
Read the full guide: how to hear the Bhāgavatam ›

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam · Text 12.2.4

Who is speaking and story frame

लिङ्गमेवाश्रमख्यातावन्योन्यापत्तिकारणम् ।

अवृत्त्या न्यायदौर्बल्यं पाण्डित्ये चापलं वच: ॥ ४ ॥

liṅgam evāśrama-khyātāv

anyonyāpatti-kāraṇam

avṛttyā nyāya-daurbalyaṁ

pāṇḍitye cāpalaṁ vacaḥ

Translation

A person’s spiritual position will be ascertained merely according to external symbols, and on that same basis people will change from one spiritual order to the next. A person’s propriety will be seriously questioned if he does not earn a good living. And one who is very clever at juggling words will be considered a learned scholar.

Read the purport on Vedabase.io

From Canto 10, chapter 14 onward, the translation and purports were completed by Śrīla Prabhupāda's disciples after his departure, and published by the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

1

Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Look Beyond Symbols, Income and Clever Speech

  1. 1

    In Kali-yuga, external symbols become the basis for recognizing spiritual and social position. Outward appearance takes the place of genuine qualification.

  2. 2

    A simple, austere life may reflect dedication to knowledge and spirituality rather than failure. Poverty alone, however, does not establish intelligence or self-control.

  3. 3

    Clever speech and technical terminology can create an appearance of learning. Genuine wisdom requires more than data and an ability to speak impressively.

Key points from the purport
  • The previous verse stated that in the Age of Kali the priestly class will be recognized by external symbols alone, and this verse extends the same principle to the other orders of society, namely the political or military class, the business or productive class, and finally the laborer or artisan class.
  • Modern so-called philosophers and scientists have created a technical, esoteric terminology for each branch of learning, and when they give lectures people consider them learned simply because of their ability to speak that which no one else can understand.
  • Although many modern thinkers are fundamentally ignorant of the higher, spiritual reality, they are, so to speak, “good talkers,” and most people simply don’t notice their ignorance.

The purport's own sentences, chosen from the purport as its central points. Read the full purport on Vedabase to see them in place.

How it feels

Civilizational dread → Dispassion. Social and cosmic impermanence expose the limits of worldly plans.

Chapters 1–4 of Canto 12: The deterioration of Kali and universal dissolution. An editorial reading of the story's mood, not the text itself. See the emotional arc

Further reading

Chapter 2: The Symptoms of Kali-yuga

From the chapter summary, the lines nearest this verse:

As the Age of Kali progresses, all good qualities of men diminish and all impure qualities increase. Atheistic systems of so-called religion become predominant, replacing the codes of Vedic law.
Read the whole chapter summaryBack to this verse in chapter 12.2
2

Word for word

Learn the Sanskrit words of the verse.

  1. liṅgamthe external symbol
  2. evamerely
  3. āśrama-khyātauin knowing a person’s spiritual order
  4. anyonyamutual
  5. āpattiof exchange
  6. kāraṇamthe cause
  7. avṛttyāby lack of livelihood
  8. nyāyain credibility
3

Key ideas in this verse

The subject this verse serves and the themes it speaks of.

  • Ūti · The creative impetus

    Why do we act, and what keeps us bound? · Subject 5 of 10

  • Jñāna · Spiritual insight

    Inquiry, revelation and discrimination between self and matter. · Theme in SB 12.2

    In this verse: “knowledge”, “wisdom”

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

Am I impressed by outward status and clever language, or do I look for spiritual understanding?

Practice

Explain one spiritual teaching you have studied in a plain sentence, checking that you understand it rather than merely repeat its words.

5

The story around it

The story this chapter belongs to.

Live this todayLook Beyond Symbols, Income and Clever SpeechThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask the BhāgavatamHave a question about SB 12.2.4? Get an answer from the verses themselves.