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Study a Verse

Read one verse of Śrī Caitanya Caritamrta with its Bengali, transliteration, word meanings, translation and study points.

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Madhya-līlā · 25 chapters

How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Say the verse. Read the transliteration aloud, slowly.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each word and its meaning.
  3. 3Read the translation. Ask: what is happening here, and who is it about?
  4. 4Read the purport slowly. Read it twice. Don't rush.
  5. 5See Lord Caitanya as Kṛṣṇa. Remember who is acting in the pastime.
  6. 6Take one thing into your day. Note one point and one practice.
Read the full guide: how to read Caitanya Caritamrta ›

Śrī Caitanya Caritamrta · Text Madhya 23.55

সখ্য-বাৎসল্য-রতি পায় ‘অনুরাগ’-সীমা ।

সুবলাদ্যের ‘ভাব’ পর্যন্ত প্রেমের মহিমা ॥ ৫৫ ॥

sakhya-vātsalya-rati pāya ‘anurāga’-sīmā

subalādyera ‘bhāva’ paryanta premera mahimā

Translation

“After the mellow of servitorship, there are the mellows of friendship and parental love, which increase to subordinate spontaneous love. The greatness of the love found in friends like Subala extends to the standard of ecstatic love of Godhead.

Read Śrīla Prabhupāda's purport on Vedabase.io
1

Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Friendship and Parental Affection Deepen

  1. 1

    Neutrality increases to simple love of Godhead. Servitorship develops further into affection, counterlove—anger based on love—love and attachment.

  2. 2

    Friendship increases to affection, counterlove, love, attachment and subattachment. Parental affection develops in the same way.

  3. 3

    Friendship like Subala’s progresses from fraternal affection through counterlove, spontaneous attachment and subordinate attachment. It finally reaches ecstasy in which all the ecstatic symptoms continuously exist.

Key points from the purport
  • Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura says that the mellow of neutrality increases to simple love of Godhead.
  • In the mellow of servitorship, love of Godhead increases beyond that to affection, counterlove (anger based on love), love and attachment.
  • The special feature of the mellow of friendship exhibited by personalities like Subala is that it increases from fraternal affection to counterlove, to spontaneous attachment, to subordinate attachment, and finally to the ecstasy where all the ecstatic symptoms continuously exist.

Śrīla Prabhupāda's own sentences, chosen from the purport as its central points. Read the full purport on Vedabase to see them in place.

How it feels

Theological emotional crescendo. Bhāva, prema, the devotional rasas, and mahābhāva are systematically expounded.

The mood of Madhya 23 as a whole, an editorial reading, not the text itself. See the emotional atlas

Further reading

Madhya 23: Life’s Ultimate Goal — Love of Godhead

From Śrīla Prabhupāda's chapter summary, the lines nearest this verse:

Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu then describes those candidates who are eligible to taste the mellows of devotional service. Their fundamental natures and their varieties are also described.
Read the whole chapter summaryBack to this verse in Madhya 23
2

Word for word

Learn the words of the verse.

  1. sakhyain friendship
  2. vātsalyain parental affection
  3. ratiaffection
  4. pāyaobtains
  5. anurāga-sīmāup to the limit of subordinate spontaneous love
  6. subala-ādyeraof friends like Subala and others
  7. bhāvaecstatic love
  8. paryantaup to
  9. premera mahimāthe glory of love of Godhead
3

Key ideas in this verse

The themes of love and mercy this verse speaks of.

  • Prema · Love of Godhead

    The culminating devotional purpose that unites the narration: bestowed, cultivated, taught, celebrated, and tasted. · In the Prema Atlas

    In this verse: “love of godhead”, “ecstatic love”

  • Bhāva & rasa · The language of sacred feeling

    Transcendental devotional moods and relationships, discussed explicitly in Rāmānanda’s dialogue and the teachings on prema. · In the Prema Atlas

    In this verse: “mellow”, “parental”

Concept links are an editorial study map; only the verse is the text itself.

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

What stands out to you about the special development of friendship exhibited by Subala?

Practice

Write down the progression of Subala’s friendship as described in the purport.

Live this todayFriendship and Parental Affection DeepenThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask Caitanya CaritamrtaHave a question about CC Madhya 23.55? Get an answer from the verses themselves.