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Study a Verse

Read one verse of Śrī Caitanya Caritamrta with its Bengali, transliteration, word meanings, translation and study points.

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Ādi-līlā · 17 chapters

How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Say the verse. Read the transliteration aloud, slowly.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each word and its meaning.
  3. 3Read the translation. Ask: what is happening here, and who is it about?
  4. 4Read the purport slowly. Read it twice. Don't rush.
  5. 5See Lord Caitanya as Kṛṣṇa. Remember who is acting in the pastime.
  6. 6Take one thing into your day. Note one point and one practice.
Read the full guide: how to read Caitanya Caritamrta ›

Śrī Caitanya Caritamrta · Text Ādi 1.90

অজ্ঞান–তমের নাম কহিয়ে ‘কৈতব’ ।

ধর্ম–অর্থ–কাম–মোক্ষ–বাঞ্ছা আদি সব ॥ ৯০ ॥

ajñāna-tamera nāma kahiye ‘kaitava’

dharma-artha-kāma-mokṣa-vāñchā ādi saba

Translation

The darkness of ignorance is called kaitava, the way of cheating, which begins with religiosity, economic development, sense gratification and liberation.

Read this verse on Vedabase.io

This verse has no purport; its meaning is explained by the verses around it.

1

Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Recognizing the Cheating Ways of Ignorance

  1. 1

    The darkness of ignorance is called kaitava, the way of cheating.

  2. 2

    This cheating begins with religiosity, economic development and sense gratification.

  3. 3

    Liberation is also included among these cheating aims.

How it feels

Reverence and gratitude. The narrator takes shelter of the guru-paramparā; receptivity begins with humility.

The mood of Ādi 1 as a whole, an editorial reading, not the text itself. See the emotional atlas

Further reading

Ādi 1: The Spiritual Masters

From Śrīla Prabhupāda's chapter summary, the lines nearest this verse:

The first chapter of Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta begins with fourteen Sanskrit verses that describe the Absolute Truth. Then the next three Sanskrit verses describe the principal Deities of Vṛndāvana, namely, Śrī Rādhā-Madana-mohana, Śrī Rādhā-Govindadeva and Śrī Rādhā-Gopīnāthajī.
Read the whole chapter summaryBack to this verse in Ādi 1
2

Word for word

Learn the words of the verse.

  1. ajñāna-tameraof the darkness of ignorance
  2. nāmaname
  3. kahiyeI call
  4. kaitavacheating process
  5. dharmareligiosity
  6. arthaeconomic development
  7. kāmasense gratification
  8. mokṣaliberation
3

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

Which of these aims most strongly shapes your present priorities?

Practice

Write down one aim you are pursuing and consider whether it falls among the aims listed here.

4

Śrīla Prabhupāda speaks

His recorded lectures on this verse, and the talks where he quotes it.

Quoted in 7 lectures. Recordings and transcripts on prabhupada.io.

Quoted in 7 lectures

In each of these he quotes this verse while speaking on another verse or subject. "Find the quote" opens the transcript at that spot.

Live this todayRecognizing the Cheating Ways of IgnoranceThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask Caitanya CaritamrtaHave a question about CC Ādi 1.90? Get an answer from the verses themselves.