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Read one verse of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam with its Sanskrit, word meanings, translation and study points.

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Canto 4 · The Creation of the Fourth Order · 31 chapters

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How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Chant the verse. Say the Sanskrit slowly and carefully.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each Sanskrit word and its meaning.
  3. 3Find the meaning yourself. Before the translation, piece the meaning together from the words.
  4. 4Read the translation. Ask: what is the Lord teaching here, and how does it apply to my life?
  5. 5Read the purport slowly. Read it two or three times. Don't rush.
  6. 6Write down what touched you. Note the main points in your own notebook.
Read the full guide: how to hear the Bhāgavatam ›

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam · Texts 4.2.14-15

Who is speaking and story frame

प्रेतावासेषु घोरेषु प्रेतैर्भूतगणैर्वृत: ।

अटत्युन्मत्तवन्नग्नो व्युप्तकेशो हसन् रुदन् ॥ १४ ॥

चिताभस्मकृतस्‍नान: प्रेतस्रङ्‌न्रस्थिभूषण: ।

शिवापदेशो ह्यशिवो मत्तो मत्तजनप्रिय: ।

पति: प्रमथनाथानां तमोमात्रात्मकात्मनाम् ॥ १५ ॥

pretāvāseṣu ghoreṣu

pretair bhūta-gaṇair vṛtaḥ

aṭaty unmattavan nagno

vyupta-keśo hasan rudan

citā-bhasma-kṛta-snānaḥ

preta-sraṅ-nrasthi-bhūṣaṇaḥ

śivāpadeśo hy aśivo

matto matta-jana-priyaḥ

patiḥ pramatha-nāthānāṁ

tamo-mātrātmakātmanām

Translation

He lives in filthy places like crematoriums, and his companions are the ghosts and demons. Naked like a madman, sometimes laughing and sometimes crying, he smears crematorium ashes all over his body. He does not bathe regularly, and he ornaments his body with a garland of skulls and bones. Therefore only in name is he śiva, or auspicious; actually, he is the most mad and inauspicious creature. Thus he is very dear to crazy beings in the gross mode of ignorance, and he is their leader.

Read Śrīla Prabhupāda's purport on Vedabase.io
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Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Śiva’s Kindness Is Truly Auspicious

  1. 1

    Although Dakṣa described Lord Śiva as inauspicious, the purport explains that his name is fitting. Śiva is very kind to persons in the darkness of ignorance.

  2. 2

    Lord Śiva gives shelter to fallen souls and gradually elevates them to spiritual consciousness. Great personalities may associate with such souls for their benefit, not for personal interest.

  3. 3

    Lord Viṣṇu takes charge of advanced Kṛṣṇa conscious Vaiṣṇavas, and Lord Brahmā takes charge of those attached to material activities. Lord Śiva takes charge of those in gross ignorance and is therefore especially called auspicious.

Key points from the purport
  • Lord Śiva appeared to be like that, but his name, Śiva, is actually fitting, for he is very kind to persons who are in the darkness of the mode of ignorance, such as unclean drunkards who do not regularly bathe.
  • Although it is very difficult to raise such creatures to spiritual understanding, Lord Śiva takes charge of them, and therefore, as stated in the Vedas, Lord Śiva is all-auspicious.
  • Lord Viṣṇu takes charge of persons who are advanced Kṛṣṇa conscious Vaiṣṇavas, and Lord Brahmā takes charge of persons who are very much attached to material activities, but Lord Śiva is so kind that he takes charge of persons who are in gross ignorance and whose behavior is lower than that of the animals.

Śrīla Prabhupāda's own sentences, chosen from the purport as its central points. Read the full purport on Vedabase to see them in place.

How it feels

Humiliation and anger → Reconciliation. Relational offense leads to grief and destruction before restoration.

Chapters 1–7 of Canto 4: Dakṣa, Satī and Śiva. An editorial reading of the story's mood, not the text itself. See the emotional arc

Further reading

Chapter 2: Dakṣa Curses Lord Śiva

Dakṣa insults and curses Lord Śiva at a great sacrificial assembly.

Back to this verse in chapter 4.2
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Word for word

Learn the Sanskrit words of the verse.

  1. preta-āvāseṣuat the burning places of dead bodies
  2. ghoreṣuhorrible
  3. pretaiḥby the Pretas
  4. bhūta-gaṇaiḥby the Bhūtas
  5. vṛtaḥaccompanied by
  6. aṭatihe wanders
  7. unmatta-vatlike a madman
  8. nagnaḥnaked
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Key ideas in this verse

The subject this verse serves and the themes it speaks of.

  • Ūti · The creative impetus

    Why do we act, and what keeps us bound? · Subject 5 of 10

  • Moha · Material attachment

    The pull of ego, desire and impermanent relationships. · Theme in SB 4.2

    In this verse: “attached”, “material”

  • Sakhya · Sacred friendship

    The affection of companions and friends of the Lord. · Theme in SB 4.2

    In this verse: “companions”

  • Viraha · Longing in separation

    Love and remembrance experienced in apparent absence. · Theme in SB 4.2

    In this verse: “crying”

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Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

Can I recognize kindness that helps someone spiritually, even when outward appearances seem unfavorable?

Practice

Show one small kindness today to someone whose habits you find difficult, without seeking a personal benefit.

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The story around it

The story this chapter belongs to.

Live this todayŚiva’s Kindness Is Truly AuspiciousThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask the BhāgavatamHave a question about SB 4.2.14-15? Get an answer from the verses themselves.