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Read one verse of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam with its Sanskrit, word meanings, translation and study points.

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Canto 11 · General History · 31 chapters

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How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Chant the verse. Say the Sanskrit slowly and carefully.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each Sanskrit word and its meaning.
  3. 3Find the meaning yourself. Before the translation, piece the meaning together from the words.
  4. 4Read the translation. Ask: what is the Lord teaching here, and how does it apply to my life?
  5. 5Read the purport slowly. Read it two or three times. Don't rush.
  6. 6Write down what touched you. Note the main points in your own notebook.
Read the full guide: how to hear the Bhāgavatam ›

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam · Text 11.17.39

Who is speaking and story frame

गृहार्थी सद‍ृशीं भार्यामुद्वहेदजुगुप्सिताम् ।

यवीयसीं तु वयसा यां सवर्णामनुक्रमात् ॥ ३९ ॥

gṛhārthī sadṛśīṁ bhāryām

udvahed ajugupsitām

yavīyasīṁ tu vayasā

yāṁ sa-varṇām anu kramāt

Translation

One who desires to establish family life should marry a wife of his own caste, who is beyond reproach and younger in age. If one desires to accept many wives he must marry them after the first marriage, and each wife should be of a successively lower caste.

Read the purport on Vedabase.io

From Canto 10, chapter 14 onward, the translation and purports were completed by Śrīla Prabhupāda's disciples after his departure, and published by the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

1

Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Marriage Regulated for Family Peace

  1. 1

    The prescribed first marriage is with a wife of the same caste and similar characteristics. The purport explains similarity in terms of intellectual, heroic or business-minded dispositions.

  2. 2

    The wife is to be beyond reproach in background and character and younger than the husband. Any further marriages are prescribed only after the first is established, proceeding through successively lower castes.

  3. 3

    The purport presents these marriage regulations as a means of relative peace in family life. It states that they are especially intended for those who are not pure devotees of the Lord.

Key points from the purport
  • The purport of this verse is that one’s first wife must always be sadṛśīm, or similar to oneself.
  • The wife must be beyond reproach in terms of her background and character and should always be younger than oneself, ideally five to ten years younger.
  • If one desires to marry a second wife, then, as stated in this verse by the word varṇānupūrvyeṇa and in the verse spoken by Lord Kṛṣṇa by the word anukramāt, one must wait until the first marriage is established and then select a second wife from the next-lower caste.

The purport's own sentences, chosen from the purport as its central points. Read the full purport on Vedabase to see them in place.

How it feels

Uncertainty → Clarity. The coming separation makes the instruction personally urgent.

Chapters 10–20 of Canto 11: Kṛṣṇa's teachings on self, yoga and wisdom. An editorial reading of the story's mood, not the text itself. See the emotional arc

Further reading

Chapter 17: Lord Kṛṣṇa’s Description of the Varṇāśrama System

From the chapter summary, the lines nearest this verse:

One who wishes to enter the household order should accept a wife who is of the same social class, who is not objectionable, and who is somewhat younger in age than he. The obligatory duties of the three classes who are twice-born — the brāhmaṇas, kṣatriyas and vaiśyas — are worship of the Lord, study of the Vedas and giving charity.
Read the whole chapter summaryBack to this verse in chapter 11.17
2

Word for word

Learn the Sanskrit words of the verse.

  1. gṛhahousehold
  2. arthīone who desires
  3. sadṛśīmpossessing similar characteristics
  4. bhāryāma wife
  5. udvahetone should marry
  6. ajugupsitāmbeyond reproach
  7. yavīyasīmyounger
  8. tuindeed
3

Key ideas in this verse

The subject this verse serves and the themes it speaks of.

  • Manvantara · The change of Manus

    What gives human life its right direction? · Subject 6 of 10

  • Bhakti · Devotion and loving service

    How devotion reorganizes desire and action. · Theme in SB 11.17

    In this verse: “devotees”

Chapter themes come from the story phase this chapter belongs to.

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

What does this teaching invite me to consider about character and compatibility in marriage?

Practice

Write down one way that good character and compatible dispositions can support peace in family life.

Live this todayMarriage Regulated for Family PeaceThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask the BhāgavatamHave a question about SB 11.17.39? Get an answer from the verses themselves.