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Read one verse of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam with its Sanskrit, word meanings, translation and study points.

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Canto 11 · General History · 31 chapters

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How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Chant the verse. Say the Sanskrit slowly and carefully.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each Sanskrit word and its meaning.
  3. 3Find the meaning yourself. Before the translation, piece the meaning together from the words.
  4. 4Read the translation. Ask: what is the Lord teaching here, and how does it apply to my life?
  5. 5Read the purport slowly. Read it two or three times. Don't rush.
  6. 6Write down what touched you. Note the main points in your own notebook.
Read the full guide: how to hear the Bhāgavatam ›

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam · Texts 11.10.27-29

Who is speaking and story frame

यद्यधर्मरत: सङ्गादसतां वाजितेन्द्रिय: ।

कामात्मा कृपणो लुब्ध: स्त्रैणो भूतविहिंसक: ॥ २७ ॥

पशूनविधिनालभ्य प्रेतभूतगणान् यजन् ।

नरकानवशो जन्तुर्गत्वा यात्युल्बणं तम: ॥ २८ ॥

कर्माणि दु:खोदर्काणि कुर्वन् देहेन तै: पुन: ।

देहमाभजते तत्र किं सुखं मर्त्यधर्मिण: ॥ २९ ॥

yady adharma-rataḥ saṅgād

asatāṁ vājitendriyaḥ

kāmātmā kṛpaṇo lubdhaḥ

straiṇo bhūta-vihiṁsakaḥ

paśūn avidhinālabhya

preta-bhūta-gaṇān yajan

narakān avaśo jantur

gatvā yāty ulbaṇaṁ tamaḥ

karmāṇi duḥkhodarkāṇi

kurvan dehena taiḥ punaḥ

deham ābhajate tatra

kiṁ sukhaṁ martya-dharmiṇaḥ

Translation

If a human being is engaged in sinful, irreligious activities, either because of bad association or because of his failure to control his senses, then such a person will certainly develop a personality full of material desires. He thus becomes miserly toward others, greedy and always anxious to exploit the bodies of women. When the mind is so polluted one becomes violent and aggressive and without the authority of Vedic injunctions slaughters innocent animals for sense gratification. Worshiping ghosts and spirits, the bewildered person falls fully into the grip of unauthorized activities and thus goes to hell, where he receives a material body infected by the darkest modes of nature. In such a degraded body, he unfortunately continues to perform inauspicious activities that greatly increase his future unhappiness, and therefore he again accepts a similar material body. What possible happiness can there be for one who engages in activities inevitably terminating in death?

Read the purport on Vedabase.io

From Canto 10, chapter 14 onward, the translation and purports were completed by Śrīla Prabhupāda's disciples after his departure, and published by the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

1

Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Control the Senses and Choose Devotion

  1. 1

    The path of nivṛtti-mārga renounces material sense gratification and purifies existence through austerity and devotional activities. The regulated enjoyment of pravṛtti-mārga is risky because it can deepen addiction rather than detachment.

  2. 2

    Bad association or failure to control the senses can lead to sinful life. Even in good association, each person remains responsible for controlling the senses.

  3. 3

    Uncontrolled desires foster greed, exploitation and cruelty, leading to further suffering and repeated material bodies. No length of material life removes the fear of death or brings true happiness.

Key points from the purport
  • On the path of pravṛtti-mārga one furnishes a steady supply of sense objects to the senses, but one consumes such sense objects under strict regulations and through ritualistic ceremonies, thus gradually purifying the heart and satiating the material senses.
  • Unfortunately, as explained in this and the previous verse, the path of pravṛtti-mārga is extremely volatile because rather than becoming detached, the living entity often becomes uncontrolled and fully addicted to further sense gratification.
  • Thus, as stated here, kiṁ sukhaṁ martya-dharmiṇaḥ: what possible happiness can one find within the painful grip of material illusion?

The purport's own sentences, chosen from the purport as its central points. Read the full purport on Vedabase to see them in place.

How it feels

Uncertainty → Clarity. The coming separation makes the instruction personally urgent.

Chapters 10–20 of Canto 11: Kṛṣṇa's teachings on self, yoga and wisdom. An editorial reading of the story's mood, not the text itself. See the emotional arc

Further reading

Chapter 10: The Nature of Fruitive Activity

From the chapter summary, the lines nearest this verse:

The so-called knowledge received through one’s material senses, mind and intelligence is as useless as the dreams experienced by a sleeping person attached to sense gratification. Therefore, one should give up work performed for sense gratification and accept work as a matter of duty.
Read the whole chapter summaryBack to this verse in chapter 11.10
2

Word for word

Learn the Sanskrit words of the verse.

  1. yadiif
  2. adharmain irreligion
  3. rataḥhe is engaged
  4. saṅgātdue to association
  5. asatāmof materialistic people
  6. vāor
  7. ajitadue to not conquering
  8. indriyaḥthe senses
3

Key ideas in this verse

The subject this verse serves and the themes it speaks of.

  • Ūti · The creative impetus

    Why do we act, and what keeps us bound? · Subject 5 of 10

  • Moha · Material attachment

    The pull of ego, desire and impermanent relationships. · Theme in SB 11.10

    In this verse: “sense gratification”, “material”

  • Bhakti · Devotion and loving service

    How devotion reorganizes desire and action. · Theme in SB 11.10

    In this verse: “worshiping”, “devotional”

  • Śuddhi · Inner transformation

    The reorientation of the heart toward service. · Theme in SB 11.10

    In this verse: “sinful”, “purifies”

Chapter themes come from the story phase this chapter belongs to.

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

Which influence or uncontrolled habit is drawing me away from devotional activities?

Practice

Set aside one opportunity for unnecessary sense gratification today and use that time for a devotional activity.

Live this todayControl the Senses and Choose DevotionThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask the BhāgavatamHave a question about SB 11.10.27-29? Get an answer from the verses themselves.