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Canto 6 · Prescribed Duties for Mankind · 19 chapters

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How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Chant the verse. Say the Sanskrit slowly and carefully.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each Sanskrit word and its meaning.
  3. 3Find the meaning yourself. Before the translation, piece the meaning together from the words.
  4. 4Read the translation. Ask: what is the Lord teaching here, and how does it apply to my life?
  5. 5Read the purport slowly. Read it two or three times. Don't rush.
  6. 6Write down what touched you. Note the main points in your own notebook.
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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam · Texts 6.10.19-22

Who is speaking and story frame

नमुचि: शम्बरोऽनर्वा द्विमूर्धा ऋषभोऽसुर: ।

हयग्रीव: शङ्कुशिरा विप्रचित्तिरयोमुख: ॥ १९ ॥

पुलोमा वृषपर्वा च प्रहेतिर्हेतिरुत्कल: ।

दैतेया दानवा यक्षा रक्षांसि च सहस्रश: ॥ २० ॥

सुमालिमालिप्रमुखा: कार्तस्वरपरिच्छदा: ।

प्रतिषिध्येन्द्रसेनाग्रं मृत्योरपि दुरासदम् ॥ २१ ॥

अभ्यर्दयन्नसम्भ्रान्ता: सिंहनादेन दुर्मदा: ।

गदाभि: परिघैर्बाणै: प्रासमुद्गरतोमरै: ॥ २२ ॥

namuciḥ śambaro ’narvā

dvimūrdhā ṛṣabho ’suraḥ

hayagrīvaḥ śaṅkuśirā

vipracittir ayomukhaḥ

pulomā vṛṣaparvā ca

prahetir hetir utkalaḥ

daiteyā dānavā yakṣā

rakṣāṁsi ca sahasraśaḥ

sumāli-māli-pramukhāḥ

kārtasvara-paricchadāḥ

pratiṣidhyendra-senāgraṁ

mṛtyor api durāsadam

abhyardayann asambhrāntāḥ

siṁha-nādena durmadāḥ

gadābhiḥ parighair bāṇaiḥ

prāsa-mudgara-tomaraiḥ

Translation

Many hundreds and thousands of demons, demi-demons, Yakṣas, Rākṣasas [man-eaters] and others, headed by Sumāli and Māli, resisted the armies of King Indra, which even death personified cannot easily overcome. Among the demons were Namuci, Śambara, Anarvā, Dvimūrdhā, Ṛṣabha, Asura, Hayagrīva, Śaṅkuśirā, Vipracitti, Ayomukha, Pulomā, Vṛṣaparvā, Praheti, Heti and Utkala. Roaring tumultuously and fearlessly like lions, these invincible demons, all dressed in golden ornaments, gave pain to the demigods with weapons like clubs, bludgeons, arrows, barbed darts, mallets and lances.

Read this verse on Vedabase.io

This verse has no purport; its meaning is explained by the verses around it.

1

Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

The Demons Resist With Fearsome Strength

  1. 1

    Hundreds and thousands of demons, demi-demons, Yakṣas, Rākṣasas and others resisted Indra’s armies. Those armies were difficult even for death personified to overcome.

  2. 2

    The demons, headed by Sumāli and Māli, roared fearlessly like lions. They were dressed in golden ornaments.

  3. 3

    With clubs, bludgeons, arrows, barbed darts, mallets and lances, the demons gave pain to the demigods.

How it feels

Offense and dread → Moral reckoning. Heroic power does not guarantee inner freedom.

Chapters 7–10 of Canto 6: Indra, Bṛhaspati and the emergence of Vṛtrāsura. An editorial reading of the story's mood, not the text itself. See the emotional arc

Further reading

Chapter 10: The Battle Between the Demigods and Vṛtrāsura

From the chapter summary, the lines nearest this verse:

Vṛtrāsura, however, seeing the demons fleeing, instructed them in the importance of fighting and dying in the battlefield. One who is victorious in battle gains material possessions, and one who dies in the battlefield attains a residence at once in the celestial heavens.
Read the whole chapter summaryBack to this verse in chapter 6.10
2

Word for word

Learn the Sanskrit words of the verse.

  1. namuciḥNamuci
  2. śambaraḥŚambara
  3. anarvāAnarvā
  4. dvimūrdhāDvimūrdhā
  5. ṛṣabhaḥṚṣabha
  6. asuraḥAsura
  7. hayagrīvaḥHayagrīva
  8. śaṅkuśirāḥŚaṅkuśirā
3

Key ideas in this verse

The subject this verse serves and the themes it speaks of.

  • Īśānukathā · The science of God

    Who is the Lord, and how do His devotees live? · Subject 7 of 10

  • Abhaya · Fearlessness

    Steadiness through faith amid danger and death. · Theme in SB 6.10

    In this verse: “fearlessly”, “death”

  • Rāja-dharma · Devotional leadership

    Serving and protecting through responsibility. · Theme in SB 6.10

    In this verse: “king”

Chapter themes come from the story phase this chapter belongs to.

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

Which details help me appreciate the strength and fierceness of the opposing armies?

Practice

Identify one detail about each army’s strength and one detail about the suffering caused by the battle.

5

The story around it

The story this chapter belongs to.

Live this todayThe Demons Resist With Fearsome StrengthThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask the BhāgavatamHave a question about SB 6.10.19-22? Get an answer from the verses themselves.