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Read one verse of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam with its Sanskrit, word meanings, translation and study points.

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Canto 2 · The Cosmic Manifestation · 10 chapters

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How to study this verse, in six steps
  1. 1Chant the verse. Say the Sanskrit slowly and carefully.
  2. 2Read the word meanings. Go through each Sanskrit word and its meaning.
  3. 3Find the meaning yourself. Before the translation, piece the meaning together from the words.
  4. 4Read the translation. Ask: what is the Lord teaching here, and how does it apply to my life?
  5. 5Read the purport slowly. Read it two or three times. Don't rush.
  6. 6Write down what touched you. Note the main points in your own notebook.
Read the full guide: how to hear the Bhāgavatam ›

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam · Text 2.5.19

Who is speaking and story frame

कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे द्रव्यज्ञानक्रियाश्रया: ।

बध्नन्ति नित्यदा मुक्तं मायिनं पुरुषं गुणा: ॥ १९ ॥

kārya-kāraṇa-kartṛtve

dravya-jñāna-kriyāśrayāḥ

badhnanti nityadā muktaṁ

māyinaṁ puruṣaṁ guṇāḥ

Translation

These three modes of material nature, being further manifested as matter, knowledge and activities, put the eternally transcendental living entity under conditions of cause and effect and make him responsible for such activities.

Read Śrīla Prabhupāda's purport on Vedabase.io
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Understand it

Three study points drawn from the translation and purport.

Material Modes Cover Our Spiritual Knowledge

  1. 1

    The living entities are the Lord’s marginal potency, situated between His internal and external potencies. Although eternally transcendental, they become conditioned by wanting to lord it over material energy.

  2. 2

    The Lord’s external energy, māyā, covers the living entity’s pure knowledge of eternally existing with Him. This constant covering makes ignorance appear eternal.

  3. 3

    The material modes bind the living entity to cause, effect and responsibility for activities. Freedom from this conditioned state is the highest perfectional attainment for a human being.

Key points from the purport
  • Because they are between the internal and external potencies, the eternally transcendental living entities are called the marginal potency of the Lord.
  • Factually, the living entities are not meant to be so conditioned by material energy, but due to their being affected by the false sense of lording it over the material energy, they come under the influence of such potency and thus become conditioned by the three modes of material nature.
  • This external energy of the Lord covers up the pure knowledge of the living entity’s eternally existing with Him, but the covering is so constant that it appears that the conditioned soul is eternally ignorant.

Śrīla Prabhupāda's own sentences, chosen from the purport as its central points. Read the full purport on Vedabase to see them in place.

How it feels

Uncertainty → Awe. The scale of reality widens dramatically.

Chapters 4–7 of Canto 2: The creation, cosmic Person and incarnations. An editorial reading of the story's mood, not the text itself. See the emotional arc

Further reading

Chapter 5: The Cause of All Causes

Nārada questions Brahmā, who explains his dependence on the Supreme Lord and describes creation.

Back to this verse in chapter 2.5
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Word for word

Learn the Sanskrit words of the verse.

  1. kāryaeffect
  2. kāraṇacause
  3. kartṛtvein activities
  4. dravyamaterial
  5. jñānaknowledge
  6. kriyā-āśrayāḥmanifested by such symptoms
  7. badhnanticonditions
  8. nityadāeternally
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Key ideas in this verse

The subject this verse serves and the themes it speaks of.

  • Ūti · The creative impetus

    Why do we act, and what keeps us bound? · Subject 5 of 10

  • Moha · Material attachment

    The pull of ego, desire and impermanent relationships. · Theme in SB 2.5

    In this verse: “material”, “māyā”

  • Jñāna · Spiritual insight

    Inquiry, revelation and discrimination between self and matter. · Theme in SB 2.5

    In this verse: “knowledge”

4

Live it

Take one thing from this verse into your day.

Ask yourself

Where do I notice the desire to control material things covering my awareness of my relationship with the Lord?

Practice

Pause during one attempt to control a situation today and reflect: “I am not meant to remain bound by material energy.”

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The story around it

The story this chapter belongs to.

Live this todayMaterial Modes Cover Our Spiritual KnowledgeThis verse's lesson: one practice and one question for today

Study points are short summaries, not the translation. Confirm them in the original text and purport on Vedabase.

Ask the BhāgavatamHave a question about SB 2.5.19? Get an answer from the verses themselves.